Friday, May 22, 2020

Biography of Ernesto Che Guevara, Revolutionary Leader

Ernesto Guevara de la Serna (June 14, 1928–October 9, 1967) was an Argentine physician and revolutionary who played a key role in the Cuban Revolution. He also served in the government of Cuba after the communist takeover before leaving Cuba to try to stir up rebellions in Africa and South America. He was captured and executed by Bolivian security forces in 1967. Today, he is considered by many to be a symbol of rebellion and idealism, while others see him as a murderer. Fast Facts: Ernesto Guevara de la Serna Known For: Key figure in the Cuban RevolutionAlso Known As: CheBorn: June 14, 1928 in Rosario,  Santa Fe province,  ArgentinaParents: Ernesto Guevara Lynch, Celia de la Serna y LlosaDied: October 9, 1967  in La Higuera,  Vallegrande,  BoliviaEducation: University of Buenos AiresPublished Works: The Motorcycle Diaries, Guerrilla Warfare, The African Dream, The Bolivian DiaryAwards and Honors:  Knight Grand Cross of the  Order of the Southern CrossSpouse(s): Hilda Gadea, Aleida March  Children: Hilda, Aleida, Camilo, Celia, ErnestoNotable Quote: If you tremble with indignation at every injustice, then you are a comrade of mine. Early Life Ernesto was born into a middle-class family in Rosario, Argentina. His family was somewhat aristocratic and could trace their lineage to the early days of Argentine settlement. The family moved around a great deal while Ernesto was young. He developed severe asthma early in life; the attacks were so bad that witnesses were occasionally scared for his life. He was determined to overcome his ailment, however, and was very active in his youth, playing rugby, swimming, and doing other physical activities. He also received an excellent education. Medicine In 1947, Ernesto moved to Buenos Aires to care for his elderly grandmother. She died shortly thereafter and he began medical school. Some believe he was driven to study medicine because of his inability to save his grandmother. He was a believer in the idea that a patients state of mind is as important as the medicine he or she is given. He remained very close to his mother and stayed fit through exercise, although his asthma continued to plague him. He decided to take a vacation and put his studies on hold. The Motorcycle Diaries At the end of 1951, Ernesto set off with his good friend Alberto Granado on a trip north through South America. For the first part of the trip, they had a Norton motorcycle, but it was in poor repair and had to be abandoned in Santiago. They traveled through Chile, Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela, where they parted ways. Ernesto continued to Miami and returned to Argentina from there. Ernesto kept notes during his trip, which he subsequently made into a book, The Motorcycle Diaries, which was made into an award-winning movie in 2004. The trip showed him the poverty and misery all throughout Latin America and he wanted to do something about it, even if he did not know what. Guatemala Ernesto returned to Argentina in 1953 and finished medical school. He left again almost immediately, however, heading up the western Andes and traveling through Chile, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia before reaching Central America. He eventually settled for a while in Guatemala, at the time experimenting with significant land reform under President Jacobo Arbenz. It was about this time that he acquired his nickname Che, an Argentine expression meaning (more or less) hey there. When the CIA overthrew Arbenz, Che tried to join a brigade and fight, but it was over too quickly. Che took refuge in the Argentine Embassy before securing safe passage to Mexico. Mexico and Fidel In Mexico, Che met and befriended Raà ºl Castro, one of the leaders in the assault on the Moncada Barracks in Cuba in 1953. Raà ºl soon introduced his new friend to his brother Fidel, leader of the 26th of July movement which sought to remove Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista from power. Che had been looking for a way to strike a blow against the imperialism of the United States that he had seen firsthand in Guatemala and elsewhere in Latin America; he eagerly signed on for the revolution, and Fidel was delighted to have a doctor. At this time, Che also became close friends with fellow revolutionary Camilo Cienfuegos. Transition to Cuba Che was one of 82 men who piled onto the yacht Granma in November 1956. The Granma, designed for only 12 passengers and loaded with supplies, gas, and weapons, barely made it to Cuba, arriving on December 2. Che and the others made for the mountains but were tracked down and attacked by security forces. Fewer than 20 of the original Granma soldiers made it into the mountains; the two Castros, Che, and Camilo were among them. Che had been wounded, shot during the skirmish. In the mountains, they settled in for a long guerrilla war, attacking government posts, releasing propaganda, and attracting new recruits. Che in the Revolution Che was an important player in the  Cuban Revolution, perhaps second only to Fidel Castro himself. Che was clever, dedicated, determined, and tough, though his asthma was a constant torture for him. He was promoted to  comandante  and given his own command. He saw to their training himself and indoctrinated his soldiers with communist beliefs. He was organized and demanded discipline and hard work from his men. He occasionally allowed foreign journalists to visit his camps and write about the revolution. Ches column was very active, participating in several engagements with the Cuban army in 1957 and 1958. Batistas Offensive In the summer of 1958, Batista sent large forces of soldiers into the mountains, seeking to round up and destroy the rebels once and for all. This strategy was a huge mistake and backfired badly. The rebels knew the mountains well and ran circles around the army. Many of the soldiers, demoralized, deserted or even switched sides. At the end of 1958, Castro decided it was time for the knockout punch. He sent three columns, one of which was Ches, into the heart of the country. Santa Clara Che was assigned to capture the strategic city of Santa Clara. On paper, it looked like suicide. There were some 2,500 federal troops there, with tanks and fortifications. Che himself only had roughly 300 ragged men, poorly armed and hungry. Morale was low among the Cuban soldiers, however, and the populace of Santa Clara mostly supported the rebels. Che arrived on December 28 and the fighting began. By December 31, the rebels controlled the police headquarters and the city but not the fortified barracks. The soldiers inside refused to fight or come out, and when Batista heard of Ches victory he decided the time had come to leave.  Santa Clara was the largest single battle of the Cuban Revolution  and the last straw for Batista. After the Revolution Che and the other rebels rode into Havana in triumph and began setting up a new government. Che, who had ordered the execution of several traitors during his days in the mountains, was assigned (along with Raà ºl) to round up, bring to trial, and execute former Batista officials. Che organized hundreds of trials of Batista cronies, most of them in the army or police forces. Most of these trials ended in a conviction and execution. The international community was outraged, but Che didnt care: he was a true believer in the Revolution and in communism. He felt that an example needed to be made of those who had supported tyranny. Government Posts As one of the few men truly trusted by  Fidel Castro, Che was kept very busy in post-Revolution Cuba. He was made the head of the Ministry of Industry and head of the Cuban Bank. Che was restless, however, and he took long trips abroad as a sort of ambassador of the revolution to improve Cubas international standing. During Ches time in governmental office, he oversaw the conversion of much of Cubas economy to communism. He was instrumental in cultivating the relationship between the  Soviet Union  and Cuba and had played a part in trying to bring Soviet missiles to Cuba. This, of course, was a major factor in the  Cuban Missile Crisis. Chà © the Revolutionary In 1965, Che decided he was not meant to be a government worker, even one in a high post. His calling was revolution, and he would go and spread it around the world. He disappeared from public life (leading to incorrect rumors about a strained relationship with Fidel) and began plans for bringing about revolutions in other nations. The communists believed that Africa was the weak link in the western capitalist/imperialist stranglehold on the world, so Che decided to head to the Congo to support a revolution there led by Laurent Dà ©sirà © Kabila. Congo When Che had left, Fidel read a letter to all of Cuba in which Che declared his intention to spread revolution, fighting imperialism wherever he could find it. Despite Ches revolutionary credentials and idealism, the Congo venture was a total fiasco. Kabila proved unreliable, Che and the other Cubans failed to duplicate the conditions of the Cuban Revolution, and a massive mercenary force led by South African Mad Mike Hoare was sent to root them out. Che wanted to remain and die fighting as a martyr, but his Cuban companions convinced him to escape. All in all, Che was in Congo for about nine months and he considered it one of his greatest failures. Bolivia Back in Cuba, Che wanted to try again for another communist revolution, this time in Argentina. Fidel and the others convinced him that he was more likely to succeed in Bolivia. Che went to Bolivia in 1966. From the start, this effort was also a fiasco. Che and the 50 or so Cubans who accompanied him were supposed to get support from clandestine communists in Bolivia, but they proved unreliable and possibly were the ones who betrayed him. He was also up against the CIA, which was in Bolivia training Bolivian officers in counterinsurgency techniques. It wasnt long before the CIA knew Che was in the country and began monitoring his communications. The End Che and his ragged band scored some early victories against the Bolivian army in mid-1967. In August, his men were caught by surprise and one-third of his force was wiped out in a firefight; by October, he was down to only about 20 men and had little in the way of food or supplies. By now, the Bolivian government had posted a $4,000 reward for information leading to Che. That was a lot of money in those days in rural Bolivia. By the first week of October, Bolivian security forces were closing in on Che and his rebels. Death On October 7, Che and his men stopped to rest in the Yuro ravine. Local peasants alerted the army, who moved in. A firefight broke out, killing some rebels, and Che himself was injured in the leg. On October 8, he was captured alive, allegedly shouting out to his captors I am Che Guevara and worth more to you alive than dead. The army and CIA officers interrogated him that night, but he did not have much information to give out. With his capture, the rebel movement he headed was essentially over. On October 9, the order was given, and Che was executed, shot by Sergeant Mario Terà ¡n of the Bolivian Army. Legacy Che Guevara had a huge impact on his world, not only as a major player in the Cuban Revolution but also afterward, when he tried to export the revolution to other nations. He achieved the martyrdom that he so desired, and in doing so he became a larger-than-life figure. Che is one of the most controversial figures of the 20th century. Many revere him, especially in Cuba, where his face is on the 3-peso note and every day schoolchildren vow to be like Che as part of a daily chant. Around the world, people wear t-shirts with his image on them, usually portraying a famous photo taken of Che in Cuba by photographer Alberto Korda (more than one person has noted the irony of hundreds of capitalists making money selling a famous image of a communist). His fans believe that he stood for freedom from imperialism, idealism, and a love for the common man and that he died for his beliefs. Many despise Che, however. They see him as a murderer for his time presiding over the execution of Batista supporters, criticize him as the representative of a failed communist ideology and deplore his handling of the Cuban economy. Around the world, people love or hate Che Guevara. Either way, they will not soon forget him. Sources Castaà ±eda, Jorge C.  Compaà ±ero: the Life and Death of Che Guevara. New York: Vintage Books, 1997.Coltman, Leycester.  The Real Fidel Castro.  New Haven and London: the Yale University Press, 2003.Sabsay, Fernando.  Protagonistas de Amà ©rica Latina, Vol. 2.  Buenos Aires: Editorial El Ateneo, 2006.

Monday, May 18, 2020

The Importance of Family Dinners - 1454 Words

Family Dinners: The effect is has on our children Midterm Project Kaplan University Research Methods in Criminal Justice CJ490 Abstract _There are countless studies of teens in our society who commit violent crimes. This study will show having family meals opens the lines of communication between teens and their parents. Through this communication parents will increase the chances of their teen doing well in school and preventcrime and teen pregnancies. _ Family Dinners: The effect is has on our children Introduction One of many things that is lacking in today’s society is the quality time we are able to spend with our children. With children left to their own devices and with limited communication between parents and their†¦show more content†¦In families that have dinners together it has been found that parents are also more engaged in their children’s lives. This forms a closer bond between teens and their parents. Many studies show the benefits of family dinners also effect teens in the classroom. â€Å"Grades are significantly higher for teens that eat dinner with a parent or are close to a parent.† (Udry, 2000) This benefit is one that greatly impacts the adolescent’s future. This study also shows that three quarters of children who are close to their parents, plan on attending college in the future. This study has transcended through all age groups. Elementary and preschool students who eat dinner with their families showed better communication skills than their peers. This opens many doors for a more successful future. Finally, this study will show that a family meal improves the health of teens and is good for their wellbeing. Many times the alternative to a family meal is eating on the run. Fast food dinners offer little, if any nutritional value and are high in fat. Teresa McEntire states that families that eat together â€Å"consume more vegetables, fruit and juice, and less soda.† (Why Families Should Eat Dinner Together, 2006) This also leads to meals â€Å"high in fiber, minerals, and vitamins essential toShow MoreRelatedImportance of Family Dinners1367 Words   |  6 PagesThe Importance of Family Dinners Do you remember watching television sitcoms such as The Brady Bunch, The Partridge Family or even The Wonder Years? In those television shows families would gather together around the dinner table every night and talk about the adventures of their day. This dinner ritual is about more than providing your body with required sustenance. It gives families a time to reconnect with the people closest to them and opens the doors of communication. Studies have alsoRead MoreThe Importance of Family Meals at the Dinner Table623 Words   |  3 PagesIn the article â€Å"Teens Get Extra Helping of Emotional Welfare at Frequent Family Dinners† Sharon Jayson presents new research that shows tries to answer the question to an idea that Family Dinners are beneficial to children. Even though the research was extensive it has turned up inconclusive data about the matter. The reason’s for this inconclusive data is that there were many factors that could affect the child’s psychol ogical mind frame, or academic standing at school. The research also took aRead MoreEating Together, By Barbara Fiese And Marlene Sehwartz967 Words   |  4 Pagesknow that habitual family dinner as a norm has a surprising change on children’s life? Sharing meals as a family is the most influential activity that can prevent the weakening of societies. Indeed, the successful family is the core that builds stronger societies. Everyone needs to eat. 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The paper will highlight the prewriting strategies in the first paragraph and the narrative essay will be given in the second paragraph. In order to compose the essay, free writing style strategy will be adopted. This strategy is used to think about the main events in relation to the certain event of family gathering. Main and random points in relation to the event of family gatheringRead More Importance of Family in the Short Story, Cakes Essay996 Words   |  4 Pagesmajority of people across the world deem family as the uttermost important aspect of their life. Family is something that often teaches us moral values, and helps shape the individuals we become later in our lives. In the short story, â€Å"Cakes† Salvatore La Puma conveys the prominence of family in Italian-American immigrant culture in the 1940’s industrial era. La Puma utilizes the first paragraph as mini-ethnography to portray the unity of the Vitale family. The introduction states, That summerRead MoreFamily Togetherness At Mealtime : Myth Or Reality?1733 Words   |  7 PagesFamily Togetherness at Mealtime: Myth or Reality? ​During the Industrial Revolution and the creation of what is commonly known as the middle class, the custom of children eating their supper early and going to bed so parents could enjoy adult quiet time developed. This was at a time when families had nannies and governesses to care for the children’s special needs. With the downsizing of many families, the object was to eat together as a family unit sharing the day’s activities, but even then,Read MoreThe Chinese New Year Essay972 Words   |  4 Pagestraditions during Chinese New Year dinner such as eating specific dishes during the New Years Eve Dinner, exchanging red envelopes, and cleaning the house. These traditions all emphasize one value: the importance of family reunion during Chinese New Year. Family reunion is essential because it is a time to interact with family and friends who often times do not live nearby. Family and relatives will plan their schedules around Chinese New Year dinner, instead of t aking family for granted. Adults also teachRead MoreEssay on Seventeen Traditions1086 Words   |  5 PagesConnecticut and is an American political activist, author, lawyer, and lecturer. Nader reflects on the seventeen traditions that shaped his life as a child of Lebanese immigrants, growing up in a small town. The traditions reveal the importance of social values and the role families play as the transporter of those values which explains Naders purpose that, traditions offer guidance and inspiration for the parents, children and grandchildren of today. This novel not only reveals much about Naders own lifeRead MoreAnalysis Of Consuelo Vanderbilt s The Glitter And The Gold 1613 Words   |  7 Pagesin the short passage on pages 88 and 89, this essay will specifically focus on the themes of international influence – including the presence of the American â€Å"dollar princess† – as well as the long-lasting effects of tradition, in regards to the importance of social hierarchy and ancestry. One other theme that also seems to resonate throughout is the prestige of the British Empire. What these themes reveal is the way the country house was saturated by the influences of both the modern and the traditional

Thursday, May 7, 2020

Essay on Lagan - 786 Words

Module 8 – Chapter 18: Langan Essay Assignment Instructions: Read the essay below. Then outline and explain the method of introduction. Write out the thesis statement and topic sentences and list the three major points that fit under each topic sentence. Give two examples of transitional sentences. Peer Pressure We often hear about the dangers of peer pressure to teenagers. Teenagers take drugs, skip school, get drunk, or have sex because their friends do these things. However, there is another—perhaps equally bad—effect of peer pressure. Desperate to conform to their friends’ values, teens may give up their interests in school, in hobbies, and even in certain people. Teenagers may, first of all, lose or hide their interest†¦show more content†¦Finally, teenagers sometimes give up the people they love in order to be accepted. If necessary, they sacrifice the old friend who no longer dresses well enough, listens to the right kind of music, or refuses to drink or take drugs. Potential boyfriends and girlfriends may be rejected, too, if the crowd doesn’t like their looks or values. Sadly, teenagers can even cut their families out of their lives. They may be ashamed of the parents who are too poor, too conventional, too different from friends’ parents. Even if the teens are not completely ashamed of their parents, they may still refuse to participate in family get-togethers or spend time with younger brothers or sisters. It is true that many teenagers face the pressures of being forced to take drugs, to perform dangerous stunts, to do risky things. But a more common and perhaps more painful pressure is to conform to the crowd by giving up part of oneself. Attachments to learning, to special interests, and to special people are often thrown away just to â€Å"be one of the guys.† *Outline We often hear about the dangers of peer pressure to teenagers 1. Lose or hide their interest in school. 2. Give up private pleasure and hobbies. 3. 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Belfast is situated at the mouth of the River Lagan on the borders of County Antrim and down in the province of Ulster the city could be divided into quarters which each of them have a story to narrate to the visitors or the habitant. The quarters are City Centre, the Cathedral quarter, Queen’s quarterRea d MoreThe Issue Of India Is Illiteracy1382 Words   |  6 Pageskabiliyat hai,taqat hai,apne desh ko mahaan banana ki†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Swadesh Jo nahi ho sakta hai,wahi to karna hai†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Chak De India There are some songs also†¦ †¢ Kuch Kariye,Kuch Kariye /Chak de India †¢ Kuch panne ki ho aas aas /Lagan †¢ Baar baar haan,boloyaar haan ,apni jeet ho,unki haar ho/Lagan Conclusion: To sum up, besides the educational utility of films in communicating a message through their themes and stories. Cinema not only helps us dream of a better future also draws our attention to our past mistakesRead MoreEssay about Ethical Behaviour Policy And Practice In Organisations1815 Words   |  8 Pagesbecome second nature in today’s world (Zazaian, 2006). 1.2 Ethical behaviour in the modern organisations of today Philosopher and theologian Paul Tillich once said: â€Å"Ethics is not a subject, it’s a life put to the test in a thousand daily moments† (Lagan, 2006, pg.72). This wisdom is relevant to the modern organisations of today that are challenged in every way to uphold high ethical and moral standards which are demanded by the public for the betterment of society (Kranacher, 2006). OrganisationsRead MoreNelson Mandela Character Analysis1042 Words   |  5 Pagesborn already into an easier lifestyle because of the place their family has already had. Robert Oppenheimer was a smart guy who turned out to be successful with the support of his family and wealth. 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The greenRead MoreThe Case Of Calculation And Distribution Of Awards And Special Compensation1407 Words   |  6 Pagescargo or any property which must be relalted to the ship or portion of it. Further, section 255(1) of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1955 has expanded the definition given under common law definition of wreck and included within its ambit â€Å"jetsam, flotsam,lagan and derelict found in or on the shores of the sea or any tidal water†. A derelict can be anything which is either a vessel or a cargo abandoned at sea.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Corporate Social Responsibility And Corporate Ethics Essay

Corporate social responsibility has become a major issue in the recent past to the extent in which there are watchdog organizations that monitor actions of corporations and file a report indicating companies that aren’t socially responsible. Such organizations are known as sustainability auditing firms (Gallagher, 2012). This has made most of the companies that are growing to issue corporate social responsibility reports alongside their annual business reports. Citigroup is a financial service company that has been able to do this with other companies. In fact, it should be noted that Citigroup, Inc. is the world’s largest financial service corporations with a revenue base of over 130 billion dollars (MacDonald, 2011). Citigroup, Inc. has appeared in the list of Forbes 100 and was been rated in 2007 as one of the most responsible top 50 companies. The company employs more than 300000 employees today. Hence, this paper will look at the extent to which Citigroup, Inc. has put in place responsible practices and corporate ethics and how they account for the influence of their stakeholder’s actions (Carroll Buchholtz, 2010). The four components of Corporate Sustainability Model are: inputs, processes, outputs and the outcomes. Basically, Citigroup, Inc. has incorporated their sustainability model to suit the four components through initiatives such as supporting the need for curbing climate change, protection of human rights and providing assistance to families facingShow MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibility And Corporate Ethics1468 Words   |  6 Pagesfact that your business exists in the environment, the responsibility of this depends on many stakeholders, such as local communities, customers, employees and suppliers. On the other hand the way the products are produced and manufactured has a significant impact on the environment. In this context the concept of corporate social responsibility has great relevance for the survival of any business. In corporate terms, social responsibilities promote companies to maintain a closer relationship withRead MoreCorporate Ethics And Social Responsibility1 528 Words   |  7 Pages Corporate Ethics and Social Responsibility Amanda Rabius PHL/320 10/9/17 Hank Reeves â€Æ' Corporate Ethics and Social Responsibility Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in the corporate world are very important. By understanding business ethics and socially responsibility, companies can develop and implement a socially responsible plan. Organizations are no doubt an assembly line of different networks that are both complex and dynamic in nature which face various conflicts. With this, a qualitativeRead MoreThe Ethics Of Corporate Social Responsibility2955 Words   |  12 Pagesmanufactured and process. This has been deemed an important indicator of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and business ethics. The ethics of corporate social responsibility disclosure have historically been some of the most difficult to reconcile with earnings expectations and activist demands (Browne and Haas, 1974; Filios, 1984, 1986; Gelb and Strawser, 2001; Robertson and Nicholson, 1996). As a result, corporate social responsibility (CSR) is considered as key for the survival of organizations. ARead MoreEthics And Corporate Social Responsibility1820 Words   |  8 PagesRachael Pritchard MGT 465 Debate # 1 Not in favor of CSR Corporate Social Responsibility Corporate Social Responsibility is essentially the idea that corporations should and have the responsibility to act outside of their own interest of profits and interest of shareholders. That a majority of the responsibility to fix economic, environmental, and social issues somehow weighs more heavily on corporations shoulders than our own. 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Fall E-Business Ethics A corporation must try to avoid egregious negative externalities, must actively promote corporate social responsibility (CSR), and must engage in philanthropy. Let’s take the example of the mining industry, in which 75% of mining companies (diamonds, copper, uranium, cobalt, etc.) are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange1. For Canada, mining is a source of economic prosperity that brings along with it some risks. To maintain their competitive advantage, it is crucialRead MoreBusiness Ethics And Corporate Social Responsibility1502 Words   |  7 Pagesbusiness wants to exist and grow in a society, which business ethics and corporate social responsibility are sensitive and crucial objectives, the business should do what is right. Many people agree that business does not exist beyond society, it is a citizenship in the society. Therefore, business has to have many certain obligations and social responsibility. 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Television Essay Free Essays

Television has Made our Lifes Better Nowadays, television is our main source of news and current events around the world. It is indefinably the most popular media in society today. By watching TV,we are kept updated of the various events and dealings occurring around the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Television Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It provides us with broadcasts of the news and weather stations and many more,therefore helping us not to be dropped back from the world of information. People need to be aware of whats going on around them and to keep on top of current affairs,and television allows us to do so. Without it we would be an outsider in society and totally cut off from the happenings in our local area as well as the political world(Palmer,2010). Not only this, but it helps us increase our feeling of humanity towards other people and provides us with crucial knowledge and information. This essay however will discuss both the positive and negatives roles television has in our lives today. Each positive aspect will contrast with a negative showing the different opinions. The essay will convey how television makes us more intelligent,assists us to lose weight,acts as a catalyst in the family home,provides us with knowledge how to do certain things and also how it is a great form of entertainment. On the otherhand we will see the downfalls television brings to society such as is it dumbing down our society? Is it making us gain wait rather than lose it? Are we abandoning are families to watch our favourite programmes or Is it just a waste of time?. These topics will all be seen throughout. Many people will agree that watching television makes people more intelligent for instance people that watch educational television such as documentaries,discovery channels,national geographic,science and history channels are very benefited, as it may encourage people who take an interest in them to make a career out of it. Educational TV does not only benefit adults but children aswel. Children can watch shows such as â€Å"Sesame Street†,†Dora the Explorer†,â€Å"Indiego go†,â€Å"Bear in the Big Blue House† and many more which entertain them and educate them at the same time. Several programs and movies reguire a lot intelligence to follow and understand,these shows are very beneficial as they get our brains working and encourage us to look at things in different ways. In other programs we obtain information which we may not have known before. From watching TV we can learn something new everyday. However, in contrast to television being a great advantage to our intelligence levels, it is also argued that television is merely dumbing down our society. We need only watch some of Americas reality TV shows and we can see why its effecting our youth. A study conducted in 2005 and published in the Archives of Adolescent and Pediatric Medicine showed that kids who had their own television set scored lower on mathematics tests†Numerous other tests have supported this information to make it almost clinically proven. Its very important to encourage our youth of today to read and get involved in other various arts which will help them with their academic studi es. (Leong M. D. ,2008) Television is also very helpful in the form of excercising. When using exercise equipment such as an exercise bike or treadmill for example,we all know it can get very boring. This is where the TV comes in to play as it takes our mind-set from the running or power walking perhaps to that of the happenings on the television screen. We understand that reading is difficult because of the movement and therefore is less appealing. When we listen to the radio or our ipods, we are entertained but still our mind is not fully occupied as we have nothing to look at, this being the reason why the majority of gyms have televisions rather than radios. (Jennifer Wagner,2009) Another way in which television makes exercising a lot easier,are the exercise and workout videos which are available to buy. This way you don’t have to spend as much money on gym membership fees or a personal trainer for that matter,you can just do it at home. (Palmer,2010. )On the otherhand,people may also argue the opposite to this point. As stated by Kristie Leong, she claims by sitting in front of the tv set actually makes you make on the pounds rather than lose it,†burning a paltry 68 calories per hour. Not exactly a formula for good health and fitness†. She also argues that the majority of people whilst watching television consume many high calorie foods,making matters even worse. Television is also a great way of representing togetherness. Its a simple reason for family to spend time together. Setting aside some hours specifically for family viewing encourages conversation,interaction and a certain sense of togetherness. Television brings many different conversation topics both in to a family home and work. It helps people who may have little in common, to talk and therefore acts as a good catalyst for family interaction(Keanney,2010). From time to time, something which occurred on TV can lead to discussions of something that happened in our own daily lifes hich is a great conversation starter. (Wagner,2009) Furthermore, this is not everyones frame of mind as many people believe that family life and interaction is negleacted beacause of television. It’s often the case that a family could sit in the one room for hours on end without actually speaking to each other. Sitting there like zombies totally engaged in whats happening on the TV and not even ackn owledging each other. Not only that but many people,children in particular eat their dinners in front of the television screen. This means that conversation of a family around the dinner table is totally gone and if our youth do it,it doesn’t leave much hope for the future. (Banks,2008) Television has various benefits and another one being the useful way in which it tells you how to do certain things. Whether it’s a cooking receipe you need,or how to arrange flowers in our gardens right as far as how to build a shed. There seems to be a channel to suit everyone. We can become very skilful in our everyday lifes by watching certain programs. Television is here to teach us and improve our ideas. Another point,â€Å"with cable channels such as HGTV and the Food Network, you can actually learn how to do almost anything to or for your home†. (Wagner,2009). Television helps us to broaden our knowledge of everyday life,teaching us right from wrong,and also the correct manner in which to act. It enhances our spiritual lifes in many ways. With the variety of language teaching programs we are provided with nowadays we are given the chance to learn any of the world’s most popular languages. For children in particular TV can be very enriching in their academic life. The History channel can expose children to people,places and cultures they would not have encountered otherwise. It engages them, and teaches them different ways of life all over the world. This can be very helpful for a childs development,introducing concepts which are both complex and intellectually stimulating. It encourages the child to be more aware of their surroundings, leading them to be more engaged and involved in classes that deal with those specific topics. (Keanney,2010). Dissimilarity,people argue that television is merely a waste of time. As Kristie mentions if people only knew the amount of time the waste watching television they would be shocked horribly. They could in fact make a list of more productive activites to do, for example spend time with family and friends,play a sport,take up a hobby or even test yourself by learning a new language. People discover there is a lot more to life than watching the latest happenings on the reality TV programmes. (Leong M. D. ,2008) Television is most definitely our greatest form of entertainment to date. With all the various types of programmes there is something to suit each individual. Comedy programmes for instance are a great source of entertainment,as they make us laugh and enjoy ourselves. As the saying goes â€Å"laughter is the best medicine. It has been discovered to lower blood pressure,increase circulation and so on†. With other programmes such as cartoons,discovery channels,movies,sports,weather and many more you will never be bored. The television can be seen as our companion when we are home alone with nothing to do. Without it we would be lost. For those who adore nature and like to watch scenery abroad but cannot afford to travel with recent circumstances,the television is a great source to just sit back,switch on a travel station and enjoy the beautiful nature and scenary of the world. (Mehta,2008). In contrast however, there are certain aspects to television which should not be broadcasted. A lot of television material is not properly monitored making it easier for inappropriate content to be shown on TV,for example violence or inappropriate sex scenes which should not be viewed by the public eye. Not only could this damage society but also our youth of today who need to be protected from such behaviour. (Kulkarni,2009) In conclusion,we can see how the positive aspects of television outweigh the negative. A lot more good comes from TV rather than bad but nevertheless,we are still aware of the negative. What it has done, is made peoples lifes change for the better providing people with more entertaining,exciting and in fact more educated lifes. It brings people together and is something all individuals can share and relate to. Its no doubt a great resource which has turned the world upside down for the better,opening a whole new outlook on life. Reference List: Palmer,B. Break Studios Contributing Writer(2010) â€Å"Benefits of Television†,(Made Manual Instructions for Life (www. mademan. com/mm/10-benefits-television. html) Leong,Kristie M. D,featured contributer in health and wellness(2008) â€Å"The Disadvantage of Television Viewing†,( http://voices. yahoo. com/the-disadvantages-television-viewing-) Wagner, J. (2009) â€Å"Top Ten Benefits of Watching Television† www. connectwithyourteens. net) Keanney,I (2010) â€Å"Advantages for Children to watch TV† (LIVESTRONG. com) Banks,A (2008) â€Å"Advantages and Disadvantages of Television† (http://www. fictionpress. com/s/2482693/1/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-television) Mehta,N (2008) â€Å"Advantages of Watching Television† (http://voices. yahoo. com/advantages-watching-television) Kulkarni,A(2009) â€Å"Adva ntages and Disadvantages of Television† (http://www. infobarrel. com/Advantages_and_Disadvantages_of_Television) How to cite Television Essay, Essays

The Evolution of Communication free essay sample

Communication has evolved greatly due to advances in technology. This essay is broken into three main parts. Firstly, I will outline some of the major inventions that have shaped the way people communicate today. I will argue that communication has improved due to technological advances and explain why technology has had a positive effect on communication in general. Furthermore, I will describe some of the communication standards necessary for public sector officials to apply, so that the level of integrity the public expects is preserved.Whilst looking at these standards I will apply them to the Queensland Police Service. Technology has been an essential aspect to the evolution of communication. Without technology human interaction would be confined to oral interaction, symbols, and face to face meetings. The invention of writing and the alphabet has enabled humans to communicate with each other over distance and time (Deal, 2008). Communication was no longer restricted to oral encounters and communicating information no longer relied primarily on memory. The need for a system that could accurately record information arose, and with that the invention of the printing press allowed for standardised recordings of ideas, concepts, and knowledge (Wilcox, 2004). Before the invention of the printing press in the 15th century, books where handwritten and often filled with errors due to spelling and hand writing. Written language was standardised through print material and literacy rates increased throughout the populace (Wilcox, 2004). Through language, writing and print, information could now be transmitted accurately without the restriction of verbal, face to face communication.The printing press is seen as a major revolution of communication. In the 20th century, the age of electronic communication, is seen by many as the next revolution in communication. With the invention of the telephone and telegraph, people could communicate almost instantly over great distance. These technologies where designed mainly for one to one communication, but the invention of radio and television allowed for a message to be transmitted to a large number of people at the same time (Deal, 2008). The invention of computers and the internet has changed the way people communicate, store, receive, and retrieve information.The internet, invented in the 1970? s, was originally used by scientists and government officials, particularly the military, for file sharing and storing, and in-house communications. It wasn? t until the 1990? s when personal computers became affordable and popular that the internet was embraced by the general populace (Wilcox, 2004). The Multipurpose Household Survey (MPHS) conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (A BS) found that in 2008-09, 72% of Australian households had home internet access and 78% of households had access to a computer. Between 1998 to 2008-09, household access to the internet at home had gone from 16% to 72%. The ABS also states that 86. 8% of Australian business had internet access for the years 2007-08 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2006). These figures clearly demonstrate the increased use and availability of the internet within Australia. The World Wide Web is a plethora of information and a major channel of communication used today. Communication capabilities range from email, IM (instant Messaging), blogs, video conferencing, information retrieval, websites, the possibilities are endless.With the tools that we use to communicate today, one has to wander what impact communication technology has had on our ability to communicate effectively. What is communication? Mohan (2008) provides us with four definitions of communication. Communication is â€Å"the transmission of messages, the social interaction through messages, the reciprocal creation of meaning in context and the sharing of meaning through information, ideas and feelings† (p5). When we are communicating we are transmitting meaning or expression to a receiver through a medium or channel.Meanings however are interpreted differently by everyone. The exact same message can be interpreted differently by any receiver (Mohan, 2008). Our own experiences shape our world view, and no two people share the same experiences, therefore no two people share the same world view. It is our own world view that makes us interpret meanings differently. Shannon and Weaver? s transmission model of communication, as introduced by Mohan (2008), emphasises the links in the communication process. A message is encoded by the sender, sent through a channel or medium, which is then decoded and interpreted by the receiver.However, Wellman (2001) argues that the use of computer mediated communications does not limit face to face communications, rather email, instant messaging, and text, are use to supplement face to face communications. For example, using these technologies to arrange meetings, or reiterate verbal communications. With these new technologies the basic principles of communication still apply. Messages are transmitted via a channel to a receiver. Both the sender and the receiver encode and decode the message and an opportunity for feedback should be provided. Successful communication relies on the people involved, whether communication is transferred electronically or orally, in face to face situations or over the phone. Communication technologies have had a positive effect on groups of people with disabilities. Hearing impaired people the ability to communicate via email and text, and have conversations using instant messaging technologies allowing communication flow between hearing impaired persons and people who are not literate in sign language (Sadovsky, 2008) Voice technologies created for blind people allow a message received to be read out to them by a computer program.From a business prospective, the internet and email functions are relied on heavily for day to day communications. Email communications tend to be succinct compared with telephone conversations. The author concentrates on one or only a few topics. Email also encourages open communication (Anonymous, 1996). Subordinates are more likely to email superiors directly. Public sector employees and government departments need to maintain a level high level of professionalism when communicating interdepartmentally and to the public. The public expects to be treated fairly, without bias and to be listened to.Specifically, within policing agencies, Goodman-Delahunty (2010) argues that trust, respectful treatment, and voice are 3 basic public expectations of police in Australia. Interpersonal relationships between police and community where argued to have built trust. The public expects to be able to engage in interpersonal communication with the police. Goodman-Delahunty (2010), also argued that being listened to by the authorities show people that their opinions are valued by police. In order to maintain integrity, people expect government agencies to maintain openness, transparency and to share information.The Right to Information Act 2009 (Qld) enables community members to access information the government holds. Government websites or e-government enables members of the community to search for and find information or request it. As argued by Welch (2005), maintaining transparency in information, having easier access to information, and utilising new communication technologies, may help build public confidence and trust in government. A recent example of the utilisation of a large selection of media is the events during the January 2011 flood and cyclone emergencies in Queensland.The police engaged in constant communication with the public providing up to date information. At the height of the disasters the Queensland premier conducted community announcements, via television, on a regular basis and was usually accompanied by a Queensland Police representative. Police use of social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter to relay important safety messages and road closure details was highly praised by the community. The public expects to be informed and in a world of instant communication police utilisation of Facebook and Twitter served public needs (Thornton, 2011).People expect to be protected by the police and by using a range of communication technologies like television, radio, SMS alerts, and the internet, messages were transmitted to large section of the community. Technology has allowed communication to evolve over time. Communication before technology was based on face to face encounters and symbols. The invention to of writing and language has enabled communication to move beyond proximity. With the invention of the printing press, information could now be accurately stored and retrieved. The age of electronic communication has bought such inventions as the telephone, television, radio, the internet and the World Wide Web. Face to face communication is still considered a preferable source of communication; however these new technologies supplement face to face communication and have a positive effect on the communication process. Public sector officials need to show professionalism in communication and utilise communication technologies to ensure the messages they transmit are being received by a large section of the community and there intended audience.